Revision as of 14:42, 29 March 2008

Active Directory settings

Below settings for Active Directory - screenshots are in German, but I think anyone who doesn't know German, but saw Active Directory will know what to do:

• 

  First, run dsa.msc or run "Active Directory Users and Computers".

• 

  Then navigate to the group of computers (OU), and select "Properties" ("Eigenschaften")

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  Next, select "Group Policy" ("Gruppenrichtlinie") and select "Open" ("Bearbeiten")

Note that the above can be accomplished using the "Group Policy Management" tool.

Next, you have to choose the right settings for the execution of scripts:

• 

  Correct settings for script execution

Navigate to Computerkonfiguration -> Administrative Vorlagen -> System -> Skripts

e.g. Computer Configuration -> Administrative Templates -> System -> Scripts

Make sure that "Startscripts asynchron ausführen" is set to "Aktiviert"

e.g. Run startup scripts asynchronously is set to enabled

This make sure that the user can log in, even though the software is still being installed. It's a good choice, because some unpatient users will just press Reboot button when they can't log in immediately, which can have unexpected results (software not installed properly etc.).

Next thing to set is setting "Maximale Wartezeit für Gruppenrichtlinienskripts" (Maximum wait time for Group Policy scripts). Default is 600 seconds (10 minutes), which can be often not enough for installing some software, or when you install more than one software package. So a safe bet is 1800 seconds (30 minutes).

• 

  Selecting a script

The last thing you have to do, is to select a script which will start WPKG on a system start. This script is located in a batch file:

\\server\path\to\WPKG\wpkg-start.bat

and contains the folowing line which starts WPKG:

cscript \\server\path\to\WPKG\wpkg.js /synchronize /quiet /nonotify

Notes

Sometimes a group policy is not applied when it is setup and the workstations are rebooted for the first time. The reason for this is that group policy is pulled from the server by default every ~90 minutes. If you require group policy to take effect immediately, you may run "gpupdate" (XP) or "secedit /refreshpolicy user_policy" and "secedit /refreshpolicy machine_policy" (Win2K) from each workstation.

Pulling workstation names to hosts.xml from Active Directory OUs automatically with bash

Here you can download a script which will generate separate XML hosts files for each OU:

generate_hosts_xml.gz

It's compressed with gzip, and contains some special characters (namely, DOS/Windows end-of-line characters), so make sure to edit it in the editor which won't break it (mcedit from mc will edit it without problems).

You will need to edit some variables, see the beginning of a script for details.

Pulling workstation names to hosts.xml from Active Directory OUs automatically with perl

If you have different OUs in your AD, and these OUs use different software settings, you will likely want to generate hosts.xml from your AD tree.

Here is a simple perl script for that - you have to execute it on a Linux server, and you need to have ldapsearch tool installed (it comes with OpenLDAP). It's not particularly beautiful, but it works.
Make sure you change the text in bold to match your settings:

#!/usr/bin/perl

# All OUs that contain computer accounts
@ous = ('ou=GR15-R1,ou=GR15,ou=classrooms,ou=uni',
         'ou=FR7-FL,ou=FR7,ou=classrooms,ou=uni',
         'ou=FR7-R3,ou=FR7,ou=classrooms,ou=uni',
         'ou=FR5-R1,ou=FR5,ou=classrooms,ou=uni',
         'ou=FR5-R1,ou=FR5,ou=classrooms,ou=uni',
         'ou=Newinstallation,ou=uni',
         'ou=Testinstallation,ou=uni',
         'ou=temp,ou=uni');

# umount a share on AD (just in case), and then mount it

$server = "192.168.55.66";
$share = "/mnt/$server";

system "umount $share";
system "mount.cifs //$server/Admin $share -o username=user,pass=password";

# Work on each OU
foreach (@ous) {

# Get "OU name"
$_ =~ m/ou=([a-zA-Z0-9-]*)/;

$OU = "$1";

# LDAP command to retrieve data from a given OU
$ldapcommand = "ldapsearch -h $server -b \"$_,dc=example,dc=com\" -x -s sub \"objectclass=computer\""  .
                " -w password -D \"cn=LDAP user,ou=IT,ou=uni,dc=example,dc=com\"";

 
# execute LDAP command
    open( LDAPQUERY, "$ldapcommand |" ) or die "LDAP query error: $!";

# Get all fields that have cn=...
    while ( <LDAPQUERY> ) {
    next if ! /^cn: (.*)$/;
    $cn = $1;

# ...and append them to @results
    push @results, "$cn";
    }


# Create $hosts variable with some content...
$hosts = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n<wpkg>\n";

# ...and append hosts that we found (cn=) to that variable...
foreach (@results) {

$computer = $_;

# ...with proper syntax / formatting
$hosts = $hosts."<host name=\"$computer\" profile-id=\"$OU\" />\n";


}

# Append an ending to the file
$hosts = $hosts."</wpkg>\n";

# Where to put the xml file - in this case, we don't overwrite what's in WPKG/hosts
$data_file = "$share/WPKG/hosts/created_from_AD/$OU.xml";

# Open the file for writing
open DATA, ">$data_file" or die "can't open $data_file $!";

# Append data to the file
print DATA "$hosts";

# Clear @results
undef @results;

}

# close the file and umount a share on EDU DC
close DATA;
system "umount $share";

Cron entry

You can start it every hour via cron on your Linux system:

# generate hosts.xml from AD
01 * * * * root perl /opt/ldap-wpkg.pl &>/dev/null

Pulling workstation names to hosts.xml from Active Directory OUs automatically with vbScript

This script takes out all computer objects from your whole Active directory Tree, and writes the OU in the hosts.xml

 Const ADS_SCOPE_SUBTREE = 2
 
 set fs = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
 set textstream = fs.CreateTextFile("hosts.xml", True)
 textstream.WriteLine "<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""UTF-8""?>" & vbCrLf
 textstream.WriteLine "<!-- automagically generated with " & Wscript.ScriptFullName 
 textstream.WriteLine "     Date: " & Date() & "  -->" & vbCrLf & vbCrLf
 textstream.WriteLine "<wpkg>"
 
 Set rootDSE = GetObject("LDAP://RootDSE")
 domainContainer =  rootDSE.Get("defaultNamingContext")
 
 Set objConnection = CreateObject("ADODB.Connection")
 Set objCommand =   CreateObject("ADODB.Command")
 objConnection.Provider = "ADsDSOObject"
 objConnection.Open "Active Directory Provider"
 
 Set objCOmmand.ActiveConnection = objConnection
 objCommand.CommandText = _
     "Select Name, distinguishedName from 'LDAP://" & domainContainer & "' " _
         & "Where objectClass='computer'"  
 objCommand.Properties("Page Size") = 1000
 objCommand.Properties("Searchscope") = ADS_SCOPE_SUBTREE 
 Set objRecordSet = objCommand.Execute
 objRecordSet.MoveFirst
 
 Do Until objRecordSet.EOF
     'Wscript.Echo "Computer Name: " & objRecordSet.Fields("Name").Value
     'Wscript.Echo "distinguishedName: " & objRecordSet.Fields("distinguishedName").Value
     arrPath = Split(objRecordSet.Fields("distinguishedName").Value, ",")
     strOU = ""
     for each a in arrPath
 		  if left(a,2) = "OU" Then
 			  strOU = "/" & right(a,len(a) - 3) & strOU 
 			End If
 		Next
 		'Wscript.Echo "Path: " & StrOU
 		textstream.WriteLine vbTab & "<host name=""" & objRecordSet.Fields("Name").Value & """ profile-id=""" & StrOU & """ />"
     objRecordSet.MoveNext
 Loop
 
 textstream.WriteLine "</wpkg>"
 textstream.close
 Wscript.Echo "Finished..."